Difference Between Haemodialysis And Peritoneal Dialysis

 Difference Between Haemodialysis And Peritoneal Dialysis

kidney failure treatment involves two types of dialysis process– either haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Both processes involve the elimination of extra fluid and waste from the body. Haemodialysis is done through apparatus called a dialyzer. While peritoneal dialysis uses a mixture of the lining of the abdominal cavity (peritoneal membrane) and a solution. 

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Difference Between The Two Types 

1.Haemodialysis 

Haemodialysis can be done either at a hospital or a home. It is done 2 – 5 times a week. 

How Is This Procedure Complex?

The dialyzer (dialysis machine) needs vascular access, which is a pair of vein and artery through which the blood is sent out of the body and gone into the machine, cleaned through special filters, and then sent back to the body. At first, access is achieved by inserting a temporary catheter in central veins, in the neck. After that, surgery is completed to build a fistula in the forearm. 

Side Effects of The Haemodialysis Procedure: Low BP (blood pressure) and fatigue. 

Diet Restrictions: Water and salt intake are restricted along with other highly phosphorous and high potassium food items. 

Ability To Work – During the dialysis, the patient is either lying on the bed or sitting. He/she cannot perform any other activities for the whole day. 

2.Peritoneal Dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis is usually done at home 4 – 6 times per day. The entire procedure takes 3 -5 hours per day.

How Is This Procedure Complex?

After adopting laparoscopic surgery, a peritoneal catheter is placed into the lining of the peritoneum (abdominal wall) which gives access to the abdominal cavity. A patient can access it 14 days after it has been formed. A patient has to regularly fill the abdominal cavity using a dialysate filter (special fluid), through this access point. And the fluid cleanses the blood through the inner walls of the abdomen and drains into a bag/polythene that the patient must empty. 

Side Effects of Peritoneal Procedure: Membrane does function with some limitations and there is a risk of infection to the abdomen or catheter. 

Diet Restrictions: Fewer restrictions on food compared to haemodialysis.

Ability To Work: This procedure can be done during daytime or nigh time. A patient can travel and perform this procedure on his own. 

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